Patient 3

Patient 3 - Alvin

Principle of testing Urine samples:

Urine specimens are submitted for culture from patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) and from asymptomatic patients with a high risk of infection. The aetiologic agents in UTI are mostly limited to a few rapidly growing bacteria. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp. and Pseudomonoas spp. They represent the majority of isolates from both hospitalized patients and outpatients.

Pyuria along the bacteriuria is also an important factor in establishing the presence of a UTI. Several guidelines for the interpretation of significant bacteriuria in a variety of patient populations have been suggested. Also, several methods for detection of bacteriuria and pyuria are available.

Exceptional situations may occur and interpretation of the clinician should take into account the presence of pyuria, the viable count on culture, symptoms and patient factors like age, presence of catheter, underlying structural abnormalities and immunologic status.